Broaching machine



Dec. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE ET AL BROACHING MACHINE Filed Sept. 18, 1934 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 'ZZ'Q: 77

D ec. 17, 1935. Y M. ROMAINE ET AL 2,024,254

BROACHING MACHINE Filed sept. 18, 1934 a sheets-sheet 2 Dc. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE ET AL 2,024,254

BROACHING MACHINE Filed Sept. 18.. 1934 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 OMMMMA Dec. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE ET AL BROACHING MACHINE Filed sept. 18- 1954 8 sheets-sheet 4 Zia 7 Dec. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE ET AL 2,024,254

` BROACHING MACHINE Filed sept. 1s, 1954 8 sheets-,sheet 5 Dec. 17, 1935.- M ROMAlNE ET M l 2,024,254

BROAGHING MACHINE Dec. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE ET AL 2,024,254'

BROACHING MACHINE v Filed Sept. 18, 1934 8 Sheets-Smet 7 j la; if

Dec. 17, 1935. M, RQMAlNE ET AL K 2,024,254

BROACHING MACHINE l Filed Sept. 18, 1934 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented Dec. 17, 1935 ITI-:o STATES PATENT OFFICE Roehm, Norwood, Ohio, assignors to The Cincinnati Milling Machine Co., Cincinnati, Ohio,

a corporation of Ohio Application September 18, 1934, Serial No. 744,552

16 Claims.

This invention relatesto`improvements in machine tools and particularly to improvements in hydraulically actuated broaching machines.

One of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide a duplex type of broach actuated and controlled by hydraulic mechanisms in which the parts are more accurately controlled and in which the actuating and control mechanisms have been reduced to their simplest form.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a hydraulically actuated machine tool mechanism adapted normally to have a continuous cycle, but which cycle in an emergency may be interrupted and Vcertain parts reversed without having iirst completed their,movements in the cyclic direction. S

A further object of the invention is the provision of a duplex broach in which the two rams and the parts controlled thereby are so related to one another that the rams are kept in step without the use of auxiliary compensating or make-up means.

A still further'object of the invention is the provision of a broaching machine having an indexible table to which a plurality of work pieces are 'secured for alternate presentation to a broaching tool and in which automatic means are employed for eifecting the clamping of the work.

A further 'object of the invention is the provision of power actuated means for simultaneously clamping and uncamping work pieces to an indexible work supporting table during its operation, between the several operative positions thereof, thereby reducing idle time to a minimum and relieving the operator of the fatigue incidental to manual clamping and unclamping of the work in a continuously operating automatic machine.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the following specication, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and it is to be understood that any modicaticns may be made in the exact structural detalls there shown and described, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the inview through the machine as seen, for example, on line 1 4 on Figure 2. Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Figure 4, illustrating the work table locking mechanism forming a detail of the 5 invention.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View as seen from lines 6-6 on Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional' view as seen from line 1 1 on Figure 6. 10 Figure 8 is a horizontal sectional view through the valve housing and valve actuatingV mechanism as seen from lines 8--8 on Figure l.

Figure 9 is asectional view taken substantially on line 9-9 on Figure 8 and illustrating the valve 15 shifting mechanism.

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken substantially on line Ill-I0 on Figure 9 and` illustrating the valve actuated by the indexing table.

Figure 11is a sectional view through the start- 20 ing, stopping and emergency reverse valve as seen from line ll--ll on Figure 9.

Figure 12 is a sectional view through a relief or pressure reducing valve as seen substantially from line l2-I2 onfFigure 9. 25 Figure 13 is a fragmentary elevational'view of the load and re and detent mechanism utilized in connection with the table' control valve "and seen substantially from line |3-I3 on Figure 6.

Figure 14 is a fragmentary view of!` the dog 30 mechanism utilized in connection with the table controlled valve as seen from line I4-I4 on Figure '7.

Figure 15 is an enlarged planview of the work supporting table and the work fixtures thereon.

Figure 16 is a. longitudinal sectional view through one of the Work xtures as seen from line llii6 on Figure 15. s

Figure 17 is a horizontal sectional view through the fixture as seen from line Il-l'l on Figure 16. 40

Figure 18 is a'view taken at substantially a right angle to Figure 17 as seen from line I8J-IYB. on Figure 17. I

Figure 19 is a lview through the tables trunnion ao iuusrratmg the porting therethrough 45 whereby said vtrunnion is utilized as a valve for the clamping and unclamping of the work;v the,`v view being taken on line I9--l9 on'Figure 6. l

Figure 20 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the various hydraulic circuits kinvolved in the in- 50 vention.

Throughout the 'several views of the drawingsv similar reference characters are employed to denote the same or similar parts. u

As is noted above, this invention pertains to 55 hydraulically operated machine tools and-"particularly broaching machines. The machine of the present invention is so designed as to reduce the number of parts and particularly fluid pipes or conduits to an absolute minimum as the va.- 30

rious valves are all enclosed within a single valve block which is interdrilleduand ported to connect the various valves which are movable to vary the circuits through the valve. Furthermore, this invention is directed to a machine in which the movable rams are kept in step with one another, cr if they get out of phase are readily brought back into phase without the use of auxiliary compensating valves or mechanism as was consdered necessary in prior art machines. Additionally, this invention contemplates the automatic clamping and releasing of work pieces on a movable work support or table which is effected during the actual operation of the machine, thereby yrequiring an operator merely to replace a finished work piece with an unfinished one while the machine continues to function. Included in the machine, however, is means for readily stopping the operation thereof, should, for any reason, the operator not get the work pieces changed prior to the operation of the work support or table or should the clamping mechanism for some reason fail to properly operate. Additionally, should an emergency arise such as a wreck or a jambing of the parts the movement of the rams may be reversed before the said rams complete their cyclic movement in a given direction. From the foregoing general remarksv it will be appreciated that there has been provided a multiple hydraulically operated machine that is simple in construction, safe for the operator and machine, and yet vmay be readily stopped or. reversed in case of malfunctioning of the machine or if an emergency arises.

Speciiically, the machine of this invention comprises a base 25 which is of hollow construction and utilized as a tank for fluid, preferably oil, as will later appear. Rising from the base 25 is a column 26 to the forward face of which'is secured the knee or table support 21. As will be' readily appreciated from Figure 4, the base, column and knee are of fabricated construction, that is, built up from suitable sheets of steel welded to one another. Since this welded construction forms no particular part of the present invention the details thereof will not be described in detail, reference being had to the drawings for such information.

The column 26 is provided with a front plate 28 to which is bolted or otherwise secured a plurality of bars 29, each having formed therein a substantially V-shapel groove 30. Opposed grooves 38 in opposite bars form in effect a dovetail guido way receiving a correspondingly shaped guides 3l and 32 respectively integral withvslides or rams 33 and 34. The rams 33 and 34 are substantially U-shaped in cross section, thereby providing a hollow space behind each ram, which together with additional space provided by the bars 29 is utilized for the means which actuates the rams; the means for actuating the rams 33 and 34, as shown in the drawings, comprises a pair of cylinders 35 and 36 each of which respectively encloses a piston 31 and 38, see Figure 20. The piston :1 is connected by a strap or bracket 3s with the ram 33 while`the piston 38 isconnected by a similar bracket or strap 40 with the ram 34. The means for actuating the pistons 31 and 38 is clearly shown in Figure 20 and will be described.

means for actuating it. As shown in Figure 6 the plate 4| has rising therefrom a stud or shaft 42 which constitutes a trunnion for the table 43. AS

lpiston 46 is secured to the inner end of a piston seen in Figure l5, the table 43 is provided on its inner end with a pair of angularly dispo d faces 44 and 45 which are adapted to be a ternately aligned respectively with the rams 33 and 34 so that the work pieces thereon may be tooled or 5 broached.

In order to oscillate the work table use is made of a piston 46 enclosed within a suitable cylinder 41 secured to and carried by the plate 4|. The

l0 rod 48 which is provided near its otherend with rack teeth 49. The rack teeth 49 mesh with a suitable rack pinion 50 integral with or secured to a vertically disposed shaft,-5| rotatably journaled in a bracket 52, depending from the plate 4|. The shaft 5I projects upwardly above the plate 4| to receive an arm 52 most clearly shown in Figure 4. 'Ihe arm 52 has rotatably mounted thereon a roller 53 which has its axis eccentric to the axis of the shaft 5|.` The roller 53 is 2'0 adapted to enter the space between a pair of lugs or blocks 54 and 55 secured to the'under side of the table 43. From this it will be seen that oscillation of the arm 52' from the roller 53 and blocks 54 and'55 effects the oscillation of the 2'5 table 43 from one operative position to the other. In order to clamp the table in its operative posi-v tions the plate 4l, see Figure 6, is provided with a guideway 56 in which is disposed a. clamping c bar 51. The bar 51 is provided on its forward 30' face with rack teeth 58 adapted to mesh 'with the teeth of a pinion 59 integral with or secured to the arm 52'. From this it will be seen that-the bar 51 is axially shifted as the work table is oscillated. The ends of the bar 51 are adapted to 35 enter the space between a clamping block or -anvil and the opposed wall of the guide way 56 for thereby accurately positioning the work table and resisting any outward movement of the table due to the cut thrust on the work. Opposed to 40 the clamping block or anvil 60 is a second block 6I likewise secured to the under side of the table 43. This block 6l, see Figure 5, is substantially U-shaped in cross section to lprovide a lip 62. v

It will be understood that there is a separate 50'- clamping mechanism lat each end of the bar for correspondingly securing the table in position depending upon which of the broach rams 33 or 34 is operating through its cutting stroke. The means for actuating the broach rams, pistons and the table indexingv piston is clearly shown in Figure 20 in diagrammatic form. This hydraulic actuating and control mechanism will now be described with reference to-Figure 20 and the several control valves and mechanisms for ac- 6'0 tuating them will be described as they are encountered while tracing the hydraulic circuit with vreference to the structural view in which they are illustrated. Accordingly there is provided a sump or tankl 61 containing the fluid to be cir- 65 culated through the system, which is preferably oil, and the tank 61 is preferably located in the hollow base 25 of the machine. Located above the tank 61 is the pump 68 driven, see Figure 2, by the motor 69 which, together with the pump 70 68, is mounted on a plate 10 and disposed within the sump or tank 61. Projecting from the other side of the pump 88 is the pressure pipe or conduit 12 which terminates in a starting, stopping and emergency reverse valve indicated in general in Figure 2O by the reference numeral 13. The pressure pipe or conduit 12 is connected through a bypass and relief valve 18 with the tank 81 which mechanism, as is usual practice, determines the eiiective pressure in the pipeuor conduit 12 and therefore the operating pressure for the system. The valve mechanism 18 is structurally illus tated in' Figure l1, and as there shown, comprises a valve block 15, which block incidentally is the only'one in the machine and is secured in the column above the motor-pump compartment. The block 15 has pressed into it the starting, stopping and emergency reversing valve bushing 18 through which is formed a plurality of sets of radial ports 11', 13, 19, 80, 8|, 82 and 83. Each of these sets of ports is encircled by a similar circumferential groove 84. Disposed within the bore in the bushing 16 is a valve member 85 provided with a plurality of piston portions and forming between them cannelures 86, 81, 88 and 89 adapted in dierent positions to connect the radial ports lin different combinations.

In order to shift the valve member 85 it isprovided with a valve stem 90 projecting into the casing 9| secured to the valve block 15. Within the casing 9| the valve stem 85 is provided with a notch 92 receiving therein the ball end 93 of an arm 88. The arm 94 is keyed or otherwise secured to a shaft 9b rotatably journaled in bearings provided by the left hand wall of the casing 9| and the said shaft projects beyond the left hand wall of the column/26, as seen in dotted lines in Figure 2. Secured to the projecting end of the shaft 95 is an arm 96 connected by a rod 91 to a lever 98 on the left hand side of the knee', see Figure 3. The lever 98 is secured to one end of a pivot rod 99 oscillatably journaled in the table support or knee 21 which rod projects beyond the right hand side of the knee to receive a second lever |08.

From the foregoing it will, be seen that there is provided ank operating lever on each side` of the table support or knee 21 whereby the valve member 85 may be actuated to the position shown in Figures 11 and 12. It should be noted that this shifting of the valve is effected by actuating either the lever 98 or |00 in a clockwise direction, that is, toward the rear of the machine. 'Upon shifting oi the valve member 85 to the position shown in Figure 1l a latch mechanism drops into place to hold the valve' in this position. This mechanism comprises a notch |0| formed in the valve stem 90 and providing a shoulder |02 which abuts against a spring V'pressed plunger |03 yieldably actuated into operative position by a spring 104. Upon release by the plunger |03 the valve member'85 is shifted to its second or left hand position by a spring |05 disposed within a suitable counterbore'formed in the end of the valve member, the spring abuttingY one end. with the base ofthe counterbore and on the other end with a plug or cap |06Which closes the bore in Vthe bushing.-` f In ,order to release `the latch or plunger |03 it [is provided thereonwith a shoulder |01k riding-on which is 'the end of a nger |08 projecting from the adjacentside of the arm`94..- The arm 94 is actuated in a'counterclockwise direction as f sreenin4 Figure 11 to cause the'ilnger |08 to depress'the 'plunger l'or latch against the spring |04.

movement ofthe arm 94 may be effected by either of the handles 98 or |00 or supplementary emergency mechanism. It l be alH preciated that it is only necessary to move either ofthe levers 98 or |00 forwardly or in a clockwise direction about the axis of'the pivot shaft 98. The supplementary emergency stop mechanism comprises a kick bar |09 `carried by the lower ends oi arms I0 and i, respectively disposed on the left and right hand sides of the machine as seen in Figure 1. The said levers are respectively pivoted to their respective sides of the machine by pivot pins ||2 and |13. The arm I0 extends upwardly above its pivot |32 from which upper end is projecting a pin |54 adapted to be disposed in a cut-away portion H5 formed in the side of 15 the connecting member or clevice H8 which connects the lever 88 with the valve actuating rod 91. The cut-away portion l I4 provides at the end thereof a shoulder ||1 against which the pin ||4 engages. 20 As was mentioned above, the levers 98 and |00 are actuatedrearwardly of the machine to position the valve as shown in Figures 11 and 20, in which position the valve is latched by the plunger |03. This movement of the lever 98 carries with 25 it the member or clevis H6, which through the shoulder H1 and the pin l|4 osci11ates the arms H8 and il i about the pivots ||2 and H3, thereby throwing the kick bar |09 outwardly. Should an emergency arise with theoperator standing on 30.,

Continuing with the description of` the hy- 04;A

draulic circuit in Figure 20 it will be n'oted therefrom that the ports of the bushing 16 have connected therewith the terminus of pressure pipe or conduit 12, while the ports 84- have com nected therewith one end of vpipe orconduit ||8 45; which extends from the pressure pipe or conduit 12. The 'ports 18 and 8| have connected there" with respectively branch discharge conduits ||9 and |20 which terminate in the sump or tank |i1. The ports 11 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit |2| .which terminates at its other end in a. pressure reducingfor relief valve indicated generally in Figure 20 by the reference numeral |22. The ports 19 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit |28 which terminates at-its other end in the table actuating valve mechanism indicated generally in Figure 20 by the reference numeral |24. The remaining ports 82 and 83 have respectively connected therewith pipes or conduits |25 and |26 which empty F01 into va pipe or conduit |21 terminating in lthe valve mechanism |24. A.

With the valve mechanism 13 in its starting or running position the pressurepipe or conduit 12 is connected with the pipe or conduit |23 and into a suitable bore formed'in the valve block 10; 15. 'I'he bushingA |28 is provided -with a plurality of sets of radial ports |29, |30; |3|,` |32,|33, |34, |35, |36 and |31, each set of which'is encircled by a similar circumferential groove |38.- Disposed within the bore in the valve bushing is'a 7.5:

valve member |39 provided with a plurality of piston portions forming therebetween reduced portions or cannelures |40, |4|, and |42 which connect-the ports in different combinations, depending upon the position of the valve member.

The valve member |39 has two operative positions, the one shown in Figures 9 and 20 and a second position to the left thereof. In order to shift the valve it has, projecting therefrom a stem |40 which projects into the casing 9| and has formed therein a transverse notch |4|. Recelved in the notch |4| is the ball end |42 of a valve actuator or arm |43 pivoted at |44 within the casing 9|. The arm |43 is substantially L- shaped or in the form of abell crank having the pivot |44 substantially at the apex thereof. The second arm |45 of the bell crank is pivoted at |46 to the upper end of the vertical slideable rod |41 which extends through a suitable bustling or bearing carried by the lower wall of the casing 9|. The lower' end of the rod |41, as seen in Figures 6 and 13, is pivotally connected at |48 to a plate |49 which is in turn secured to the end of a shaft |50 and oscillatably journaled in a bracket |5| secured to the rear face of the column plate 28 at a point below 'the valve block 15 and in line with the table actuating mechanism. To limit the amount of oscillation of the plate |49, and therefore the vertical movement of the rod |41 and consequently the position of'valve member |39, the said plate `|49 is prpvided with a pair of 'notches |52 and |53 between which is a lug |54, the sides o! which are cam shaped and respectively terminate at the base of notches |52 and |53. Cooperating with the notches |52 and |53 and the intermediate lug |54 is a detent |55 having a nose |56. The detent |55 is pivotally mounted at |51vto the bracket |5|. A springV |58 having one end connected to'the detent |55 and the other anchored to the bracket |5| is utilized for maintaining contact between the. detent nose |56 and the plate |49.

In order to oscillate the shaft |50 it projects through suitable bearings provided by the column and the tablev support or knee and projects'into the interior of said table support or knee. Secured to the projecting end of the shaft |50 is a double ended arm 59 carrying at opposite ends bosses or projections |60 and |6|. The depending bosses |60 and |6| are offset from one another and adapted to be respectively engaged by dogs |62 and |63 adjustably secured to the rim of a disc |64. The disc |64 is secured to the lower projecting end of the vertically disposed shaft 5| and is utilized for effecting thel oscillations of the table.

From the foregoing'it will be noted that as the work supporting table is oscillated the shaft |50 is likewise oscillated for effecting the movements of the parts which eventually shift the valve member |39. It should be noted that these parts are so arranged that the valve is shifted at the completion of the oscillation of the work table.

Referringagain to Figure 2O it will be noted that the ports |33 and |36 of the bushing |28 have connected therewith the other terminals of pipes or conduits |23 and |21. While Ythe ports |30 have connected therewith one terminus of pipe or conduit |65 which extends from the pipe or conduit tively connected therewith one end of pipe or conduit |66 and |61 which terminate at their other end in a valve mechanism indicated generally by the reference numeral |68 which is oper- |2|, ports |32 and |31 have respecated and controlled by the broach ram 34. Ports |34 and |35 have respectively connected therewith one end or 'terminus of pipes or conduits |69 and |10 which terminate at their other ends in a valve mechanism indicated generally in 5 Figure 20 by the reference numeral |1| and under control and operation of the ram 33. The remaining ports |29 and |3| have respectively connected therewith one terminus of apipe or conduit |12 and |13 which terminate at their l0 other ends in a Valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 20 by the reference numeral |14 and adapted to be controlled and actuated by each of the rams 33 and 34 when said rams reach their uppermost position. Furthermore, i5 and as will later be made clear, the valve mechanism |14 is a safety valve for use when the machine remains idle for any appreciable time.

Continuing with the hydraulic circuit it was noted that the hydraulic pressure from the pump 20 68 is connected through the valve mechanism 13 to the valve mechanism |24. With' the parts in the position shown in Figure 20, the valve mechanism |24 connects the pressure in the pipe or conduit |23 with the pipe o r conduit |66 and the 25 valve mechanism |68. The valve mechanism |68 is shown structurally at the .right hand end of Figure 8 and comprises a valve bushing |15 pressed intol a suitablebore in the valve block 15. The bushing |15 has formed therethrough 30 a pluralityof setsv of radial ports |16, |11, |18, |19, |80, |8|, |82 and |83, each set being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 04 formed in the exterior of the bushing |15. Disposed within the bore in the bushing '|15 is a 35 valve member |85 having provided thereon a plurality of piston portions between which isformed reduced portions or cannelures |86, |81, |88 and |89 adapted to connect the sets of radial ports in different combinations, depending upon the40 position of the valve member.

The valve member |85 has two operative positions, the first shown in Figures 8 and 20 and a second position vertically of that shown in Figure 8 or to the right of that shown in Figure 20. 45 In order to shift the Vvalve member |85 it has projecting therefrom a valve stem |90 in which is formed a transverse notch |9| receiving the reduced or ball end |92 of a lever |93. The lever |93 is-mounted for oscillation of a stud |94 car- 50 riedby a Alug |95, see Figure 9, projecting from the side of the` casing 9|. Integral with the lever .|93 is a second lever |96 having its reduced or ball end l|91 disposed in a slot |98 in valve shifter member |99, see Figure 9. 'I'he valve 55 shifter member |99 is keyed or otherwise secured to an oscillatable rod 200 whlchprojects outwardly through the forward wall of the casing 9| and through the forward portion of the column 26. SecuredA to the projecting portion of the C0 rod 200 is a dog 20| having offset lugs 202 and 203, see Figure 1. 'I'he lugs 202 and 203 are adapted to be respectively vengaged by dogs 204 and 205 located respectively at the lower and upper ends of the ram 34. 65 From the foregoing it will be notedthat the rod 200 is reversely oscillated at each end of the ram stroke for correspondingly actuating the valve member |85. In order to accurately determine the position of the said valve member and to insure the complete shifting of the said valve member the valve shifter |99 is provided with a pair of notches 206 and 201 between which is the lug 208 having the sides thereof cam shaped and terminating at the notches 200 and 201.v Contacting with the lug 208 and its sides is the nose 209 of a detent and load and fire dog 2|0 pivoted at 2 I3 to a plug 2 |4 let into themside of the casing 9|. A spring pressed plunger 2|5 engages the lower face of the detent and fire dog 2|0 for yieldably holding same in contact with the lug. 'I'he operation of this mechanism is well understood and no further description thereof will be given at this time.

By reference to Figure 20 it will be noted that the ports |8| and |83 of the bushing |15 have respectively connected therewith the other ends of pipes or conduits |66 and |61. The ports |11 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 2|6 which terminates in the relief or pressure reducing valve mechanism |22, while the ports |16 and |18 have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits 2|1 and 2|8 respectively terminating. at their other ends in the pipe or conduit |13 and the valve mechanism |1|. The ports |19 and |82 have respectively connected therewith one end of pipe or conduit 2|9 and 220 respectively terminating at the lower and upper ends of the cylinder 36 which effects and controls the movement of the broach ram 34. The remaining ports |80 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 22| which terminates at its other end in the valve mechanism |1|.

With the parts in the position shown in Figure 20 the hydraulic pressure in the pipe or conduit |66 is connected to the valve mechanism |68 with the pipe or conduit 220 and therefore the upper end of the cylinder 36. This causes a descent of the piston 38 for actuating the ram 34 through a cutting stroke. 'I'he medium on the other side of the piston 38 is exhausted through the pipe or conduit 2|9 to the valve mechanism |68 where it is connected with the pipe or conduit 22| and the valve mechanism |1|.

The valve mechanism l1| is shown structurally at the left hand side of Figure 8 and is substantially a duplicate of the valve mechanism |68 as is the actuating mechanism therefor. Speciiically, the valve mechanism |1| comprises a valve bushing 222 pressed into a suitable bore in the valve block 15. The valve bushing 222 has formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 222, 224, 225, 226, 221, 228, 229 and 232, each set being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 23| formed in the exterior'oi the bushing 222. Disposed in the bore in the bushing 222 is a valve member 232 provided with a plurality of piston portions forming between them reduced portions or cannelures 223, 232,.

285 and 236 adapted to connect the radial ports in different combinations depending upon the position of the valve member 232.

In order to shift the valve member 232 it has projecting therefrom a valve stem 221 having formed therein a transverse slot 238 receiving the reduced or ball end 239 of a lever or arm 242.

The arm or lever 228 is` mounted for oscillation on a stud 24| carried by the lug 222 projecting from the side of the valve housing 9| as seen in Figure 9. The lever 240 has projecting therefrom a second arm 242 having a reduced or ball end 252 received in a slot 246 oi a valve shifter member 245, the latter being clearly shown in Figure 9. The shifter member 245 is keyed or otherwise secured to the oscillatable rod 246 which projects through and beyond the forward wall of the casing 9| and the column 26. Secured to the projecting end of the rod 246, is a ipper dog 241 having oiset lugs 248 and 249. 'I'he lugs 248 and 249 are adapted to be respectively engaged by dogs located at the lower and upper ends o! the ram 33, the latter dog being shown in Figure 1 and indicated by the reference numeral 250. 'I'he dogs on the ram 33 are similar in all respects 5 to the dogs 204 and 205 on the ram 34.

InY order to insure the complete shifting and accurate positioning of the valve member 232 the shifter member 245 is provided with apair of notches 25| and 252 between which is a. lug 10 253 having the sides thereof cam shapedand terminatng in the said notches. Engaging, the cam faces of the lug 253 is a nose 254 of a load and re dog and detent member 255 pivoted at 256 to a plug 251 secured in the side of the casl5 ing 9|. To hold the nose 254 yieldably in con tact with the lug 253 the member 255 is engaged by a spring pressed plunger 258 which is similar to the plunger 2|5. From the foregoing 'it is believed now evident how the valve m'em- 20 ber 232 is actuated and positioned relative to the bushing. p By reference to YFigure 20 it will be noted that the ports 228 and 230 have respectively connected therewith the other ends of the pipes or 25 conduits |69 and |10 extending from the valve, mechanism |24, while the port 221 has connected therewith the other terminus of the pipe or conduit 2|8. 'Ihe ports 224 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 258 which extends from the pipe or conduit 2|6. The ports 226 and 229 have respectivelyconnected therewith one end or terminus of pipes 260 and 26| which respectively terminate at the lower and Y upper ends of the cylinder 35. The ports 225 have connected therewith the other terminus ci the pipe or conduit 22 while the ports 223 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 262 which terminates at its other end in the pipe or conduit |12. -Continuing with the flow of the hydraulic pressure it will be seen that the valve mechanism l1| connects the exhaust pressure in the pipe or conduit 22| with the pipe or conduit 250 for delivering said exhaust medium to the imderside of the piston 31 causing same to be raisedor elevated and consequently the elevation of the ram 22. The medium on the other side oi the piston 21 is exhausted through the pipe or conduit 26|"to the valve mechanism iii where 50 it is connected with the pipe or conduit |16. The medium in the pipe or conduit |20 is connected through the valve mechanism |22 with the pipe or conduit |22 and itsbranch |25 with the valve mechanism it. 'I'he valve mechanism't 13 connects the medium with the sump or tank 61 by wayof pipes orconduits i2@ and M2. K

' From the foregoing it will be noted that the v rams are being actuated in opposite directions simultaneously, one by the direct pressure and the other through the exhaust from the rst. This movementof the rams continues until they have both reached their proper position, that is. Y the ram 34 in its lowermost position andthe ram 33 in its uppermostposition. At this time 65 the valve member |25 of valve mechanism |68 is shifted to its right hand position, while the valve member 232 of valve mechanism |1| is shifted to its left hand position, both' as shown in Figure 20. -With the valves in their new or second 70.

position, the pressure inr pipe or conduit |62 is connected with kthe pipe or conduit 22| and therefore with the valve mechanism |1|. The valve mechanism |1|latthis time connects the pressure in the pipe or conduit 22| with the pipe the pipe or conduit pipe or conduit to that, which has the reduced or conduit 259 and therefore both valve mechanisms |68 and |22 which, of course, is by way of pipe or conduit 2|6. The valve mechanism |22 is shown structurally in Figure 12 and will now be described in detail. y

As shown in said Figure 12 the valve mechanism |22 comprises a valve bushing 263 pressed into. a suitable ,bore formed in the valve block 15. The bushing 263 is provided with two sets of radial ports 264 and 265, each set being encircled by a groove 266 formed in the exterior of the bushing 263. Disposed within the bore in the bushing 263 "is a valve member 261 having formed at opposite ends thereof piston portions 268 and 269. Extending from the latter piston portion is a reduced portion 218 terminating at the end Aof a conical portion 21| integral with and projecting from the piston portion 268. Contacting with the valve member 261 at one end thereof is a spring 212 which abuts on its other end with an adjustable abutment or screw 213. Contacting with the other end of the valve is a slide- `able plunger 214 having its free end disposed v in a pressure chamber 215 formed in a plug 216,

the plug 216 being provided with a port 211 therethrough.

As will be seen from Figure 20; the ports 265 have `connected therewith thev end of the pipe or conduit 2|6 while the ports 264 have connected therewith the pipe or conduit |2|. The

plug port 211 has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 218 containing a chuck coil 219, the other end of which pipe 218 is connected with the pipe or conduit 2|6.

The pressure in the pipe or conduit 2I6 flows into the valve bushing, 263 by way of the ports 2-65 and acts'on the piston face from which the reduced portion 218 projects, which of course is a. relatively small area compared to the cross sectional area of the piston portion 269. Simultaneously the pressure flows through the pipe or conduit 216 and choke .coil 219 and acts on the full area of the piston 269 on the side opposite portion 218 extending therefrom. Under these circumstances, the valve member 261 is shifted vertically, as seen in Figure 12, or tothe right as seen in Figure 28 a distance depending upon the setting of the spring 212. 'I'his movement of the valve member 261 more or less opens the ports 264 for by-passing a certain quantity of fluid through |2|, valve mechanism 13 and H9 to the sump 61. This eiects a pressure drop in the pipe or conduit 2|6.

With the valve member |85 of the valve mechanism |61 in its right hand position, the position to which it was shifted as described above,"

the reduced pressure in the pipe or conduit 2|6 is connected with the pipe or conduits 2|1 and |13 with the valve mechanism |14 since there can be no flow through the pipe or conduit |13 toward'the valve mechanism |24 due tothe position its valve member is occupying.

The valve mechanism |14 is shown structurally in the lower portion of Figure 10 and will now be described in detail. This valve mechanism comprises a valve bushing 288 pressed into a suitable bore formed in the valve block 15. The bushing 288 is provided therethrough with a pluralityof sets of radial ports 28|, 282, 283, and 284, each set being encircled by a similar circumferenof piston portions between which are formed reduced portions or cannelures 281 and 288 which are adapted to connect when in one position the ports 28| and 282 and the ports 283 and 284 While in a second position to disconnect said ports. 5

From the foregoing it will be noted that the valve member 286 has two operative positions, the one shown in Figures 10 and 20 and the second to the right of that shown. In order to shift the valve td its second or right hand position the valve 10 .member 286 has projecting therefrom a valve stem 289 in which is formed a transverse slot 298 receiving the reduced or ball end 29| of a lever mechanism 292. The lever mechanism 292 is oscillatably mounted on a stud 293 carried by 18 the casing 9| and the said lever mechanism has projecting therefrom a second reduced portion o'r ball member 294 whichis disposed at right angles to the ball end 29 I. The ball end 294 is received in a transverse slot 295 formed in the lower end of a 20 vertically shifted rod 296 disposed for vertical movement in suitable bearings provided by the casing 9|. The upper end of the rod 296, see Figure 9, is provided with a second transverse groove or slot 291 receiving the reduced'ball end 298 of a 25 lever 299. The lever 299 is keyed or otherwise secured to a rod 388 proecting outwardly through the casing 9| to and through the column 26. The projecting end of the rod 388 has secured thereto a flipper dog 38|, see Figure l. The dog 38| has 30 on one end thereof a lug 382 adapted to be engaged by a dog 383 on the ram 34.

By reference to Figure 1 it will be noted that the ram dogs 383 and 284 are located one above the other for operating on flipper dogs 28| and 35 38| when the ram 34 is at the upper end of its movement. From this it will follow that when the ram 34 reaches its uppermost position it substantially simultaneously shifts the valve members |85 and 286. It should be noted, however, 10 that the valve member must be shifted by each. ram when it reaches its uppermost position and for this reason the dog 38| has projecting from it a reduced or ball portion 384 which is received in a transverse slot 385 formed 1n the adjacent 45 end of a iiipper dog 386 pivoted to the front of the column. The flipper dog 386 is provided with a. lug 381 which corresponds to the lug 382 of the dog 38| and the said lug 381 is adapted to be engaged by a dog on the lower end of the ramon, 50 which is similar in all respects to the dog 284 on the ram 34. From which it will also follow that the valve members 232 and 286 are simultaneously shifted.

The valve member 286 is actuated in the other 55 direction or to the position shown in the drawings, by means of a spring 388 which has one end abutting the end of the valve member 286 and its other end abutting a plug 389 which closes the bore through the bushing 288.

By reference to Figurel 20 it willbe noted that the ports 28| and 283 have respectively connected therewith the other ends of the pipes or conduits |13 and |12 which extend from the valve mecha- ,'nism |24. The remaining ports 282 and 284 have 65 respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits 3|8 and 3|| terminating at the fdrward and rear`ends of the cylinder 41 for efrecting the operation of the piston 46 therein.

Continuing with the flow through the hydraulic circuit and since the valve mechanism |14 and Vvalve mechanisms |1| and |68 are substantially simultaneously shifted the pressure in the pipe orconduit |13 is connected with the pipe or cony* duit 3|8 for actuating the piston 42h the-cyl-'q vinder-141 to the right and'thereby indexing the table mechanism to present the work piece thereon to the action of the ra'm 33 while withdrawing the'work piece from the ram 34. The exhaust onthe other side of the piston 46 is at this time discharged through pipe or conduit 3||, valve mechanism |14, pipe or conduit |12, valve mech' anism |24, pipes or conduits |65 and |2| and pipe 'or conduit H9 to the sump or tank 61. As soon as the table is completely indexed and locked the valve member |39 of the valve mechanism |24 is shifted toits second Aor right hand position as shown in Figure 20. At this 'time the pressure in the pipe or conduit |23 is connected by the valve mechanism |24 with the pipe or conduit |69 and -the valve mechanism |1|.` The said valve mechpiston 4at this time is exhausted through the pipe or conduit 28| to the valve mechanism |1| where it is connected with the pipe o'r conduit 2|8 and the valve mechanism |68. With the valvemechanisin` |88 in its second or right hand position .the said pipe or conduit 2|8 is connected with 'the pipe ovlconduit 2|9 and therefore the lower end Yof the cylinder 36 for actuating the piston 38 upwardly or through an idle stroke. The medium ahead of l the piston 38 is being exhausted through the pipe or conduit 220 to the valve mechanism |58 where it is connected with the pipe or con- 'duit ns1; and the valve mechanism 2a. The

valve mechanism |24 at this time connects the .pipe or conduit |61 with the pipe or conduit |27 and its branch |25 to the valve'niechanism 13 :which 'connects the branch |25 with pipes or conduits' |28 and ||9 to the sump or tank 51'.

The broach rams continue to move until they reach the positions shown in Figure 1, whereupon the dog 25B on the ram 3d shifts the valve member of valve mechanism lli to the position shown in Figure 20, while the dogs 20c and 3c? on the 'ram 3d respectively shift'the valve'member of valve mechanism |68 to the position shown in Figure 20 and the valve member of valve mechai163 to its right hand position, that is,- againstJ ,the resistance oi the spring 308.

At this time the pressure in the pipes ite, le@

tore its branch 253. This reduced pressure in the pipeor conduit 25e is connected by the valve mechanism ill with the pipe or conduit 262 and thevalve mechanism lle which connects the said reduced pressure with pipe or conduit til and the right hand side of piston it for shifting same to the left or to the position shown in Figure 20 and thereby indexing the table to the position shown in said Figure 20. The medium on the other side of the piston it is exhausted through the pipe 'Sill to the valve mechanism lle and the l2@ is shifted to the position shown in Figure 20, n thereby placing the parts in a position for a repe-v tition of the cycle just described.

From the foregoing it will be noted that the `valve-member 28S ofthe valve mechanism lll is .The starting 'zu r.

forcibly held in its second or right hand position, as seen in Figure 20, by the dog 302 on the ram-34 or .its corresponding dog on the ram 33.y From this it follows that as soon as the said dogs are free of the flipper dogs 30| and 306 the spring 308 :i6

will expand to shift the valve member 286 to the position shown in the drawings and thereby preventing any hydraulicmedium or uid from being introduced in the cylinder 41. One purpose'for this mechanism is that should the machine remain idle for a considerable period of time,such as overnight, the ram in its upper-position would probably fall by gravity and exhaust the medium ahead of it to the sump or tank. Should the machine then be started there is a possibility of l! eecting anindexing of the vwork table causing the work on thetableto jamb against the broach tool and damage either the work, the tool or the machine itself, but with the valve mechanism |14 in the position shown this cannot occur until the 20 parts are in a given definite position, that is, with the broach ram which is next to effect a cutting stroke in its upper or proper position which-would automatically return the other broach ram-toits lowermost position.

Itshould be noted at thistime that the relief or pressure reducing valve mechanism |22 under certain circumstances prevents the falling of either ram 33 or 34. In the eventl that the as'- cendirig ram reaches the 'end of its stroke prior $0 to the other or descending ram reaching its lowermost position the valve member of the valve mechanism |1| is shifted, thereby disconnecting the rams interconnecting conduits from one another and-apparently relieving the back pres- 88 sure on the descending ram. At this time, however, the exhaust conduit is connected withthe pipe or conduit 2|6 to the pressure reducing valve mechanism 22. 'Ihis valve, of course, opens as above described for by-passing the medium to the no sump or tank, maintaining, however, a back pres- D sure which prevents the descending ram from falling or traveling at an excessive rate. It will be appreciated of course that the rams are normally kept in phase and the movement `of one 45 ram independently of the movement ofthe other ram will take place only for a very short distance.

Due, infrequently it is true, to accidents and the like'it is desired to reverse the rams without permitting them to complete their normal strokes edo and without indexing the work table which m have mounted thereon an unfinished work pie e in additionnto the piece of work which is being tooled. "llo eect this reversal oi' the rams use is made ofthe valve mechanism i3 by shifting lthe 55 valve member te' thereof to a third position.

' ng position is shown in'Figures ll and 2c as above described, while the stopping position is that in which the valve meber t5 takes a position to the left of that showmam This left hand position is determined by the left hand end dit of the valve member d5 engaging the bushing or plug Slt held in operative position by a spring Sie. The spring @le is disposed in a. counterbore in the plug el@ and abuts on its c5 outer; end with a screw plug die threaded into a carrier member Sie secured to the casing .9.9. It should be noted that the spring Si@ is considerably stronger than the spring 3de whichactuates the valve member ee to its normal stop position..fm From this it follows that release of the valve member t5 by the latch w3 permits the spring S05 to shift the valve member onlyA to its stop position. l i V ln orderto reverse the rams either of the han-5 dles 98 or |00 is engaged and pulled forward beyond the stop position, thereby shifting the valve member 85 against the resistance of the spring 34 and the lever is then held in this position. The shifting of the valve member 85 to its extreme left hand position connects the branch pressure conduit H8 through the valve mechanism 13 with the pipe or conduit |26 and the normal exhaust conduit |21 for reversing the flow through the system. This, then, makes the exhaust circuit a pressure circuit for thereby reversing the movement ot the rams 33 and 34. In view of the fact that this is only utilized in an emergency the rams are actuated in a reverse direction but a short distance, whereupon on release of the pressure on either of the handles 98 or |06 the spring 3|4 returns the valve member 85 to its stopped position.

As will be seen from Figure 15 the work table 43 has mounted thereon a pair of work fixtures respectively indicated in general by the reference numerals 3|1 and 3|8, and since these fixtures are duplicates of one another only one of them will be described in detail. Accordingly, the fixture 3|8 comprises a plate 3|9 secured in any desirable manner to the oscillatable table 43. Mounted on the plate 3|9 is a slide 320 having secured to its outer end a plate 32|. Secured to the plate for rotation relative thereto but not axial movement is a screw 322 having a tapered portion 323 projecting on one side of the plate and a threaded portion 324 projecting on the other side of the plate. 'I'he tapered portion 323 has clamped or otherwise secured thereto a knob 325-whereby the scew is rotated, the threaded portion 324 being threadedly received in a nut '326 bolted to the upper surface of the plate 3|9. This mechanism is utilized for obtaining minute adjustments toward and from the broach ram.

Secured to the forward end of the slide 326 is a work rest or block 321 on which is disposed the work piece 328 here shown as a connecting rod cap as used on internal' combustion engines and the like. Above and behind the work 323 is an anvil 329 having projecting therefrom a `pair of locating pins 330 and 33| which engage a rear part of the work piece and are utilized alongA with the anvil 329 for taking the lateral thrust,

during the cutting or tooling operation, While the work rest block 321 takes the vertical cut thrust.

The slide 320 is provided on each side of the anvil 329 with a pair of vertically disposed studs 332 and 333 to which are pivotally secured clamping arms 334 and 335. The arm 334 has adjustably secured to its one end a clamping jaw 336,

while the arm 335 has likewise secured to oneend As will be seen in Figures 1'1 and 18 each of the jaws 336 and 331; are axially adjustable with respect to the arms'- thereof a clamping jaw 331.

by means of similar screws 338 and are subsequently secured in adjusted position by cap screws 339 passing through elongated apertures in the jaws and threaded into the arms 334 and 335. Ihe other ends of the arms 334 and 335 are formed into semi-circular fingers or bosses 346 and '34| adapted to be engaged by an actuating mechanism for oscillating the said arms about their respective pivots 332 and 3331.

The particular clamping arms actuating mechanism shown in the drawings comprises a cam member 342 having formed on opposite sides thereof inclinedcam faces 343 and 344 adapted to respectively engage the endl 340 and 34| of the clamping arms. The cam member 342 is formed integral with a rotatable or oscillatable shaft 345 rotatably or oscillatably mounted in bearing bosses 346 and 341 integral with and upstanding from the slide 320. Any suitable or l desirable means may be employed for rotating the shaft 345 and therefore the cam 342. 5 The particular means disclosed in the instant application comprises a rack gear 348 secured to a projecting end of the shaft 345 and disposed within a housing 349 secured to the side of the carriage 320. Meshing with the teeth of the rack 10 gear 348 are the rack teeth 353 formed in a piston rod 35|. The piston rod 35| is rotatably mounted in bearings provided by the bracket 349 and the said piston rod carries at its outer end a piston 352 enclosed within a cylinder 353 secured 15 I by any desirable means to the rear end of the slide 326. In order to hold the ngers 340 and 34| of the arms 334 and 335 against the cam faces 343 and 344 of the cam member 342 the said fingers are yieldably connected as by a spring 354 20 which at all times yieldably urges the said fingers toward one another.

The parts are so designed that the fluid for actuating the pistons is introduced into the cylinders during the oscillation of the work table 25 whereby the nished work piece is unclamped and the unfinished one clamped without loss of any time. To effect this the pivot shaft or trunnion 42 is drilled to form a valve as shown clearly in Figures 6 and 19. As shown in Figure 6, the trun- 30 nion 42 is provided with a pair of vertical bores 355 and 356 extending substantially the full length thereof. The upper end of the shaft 42 is provided with cross bores 351 and 358 respectively intercepting the bores 355 and 356. Mounted on 35 the upper end of the trunnion 42 is a cap 369 which is secured to the table for movement therewith. The cap 359 is provided with a pair of substantially oppositely disposed ports 360 and 36| dwhich during the movement of the table 43 40 registered alternately with arcuate passages 362 and 363 formed at the opposite ends of the transverse bores 351 and 358.

By reference to Figure 20 it will, be noted that the vertical passage 356 has connected therewith 45 one end of a pipe or conduit 364, the other end of which is connected to the discharge pipe or conduit ||9. z'

Disposedwithin the pipe or conduit ||9 and on the other side of the connection of the pipe or 50 conduit 364 therewith is a back pressure valve mechanism 365 for establishing a pressure in pipe or conduit 364: The other vertical port 355 in the trunnion 42 has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 366 which terminates at its 55 other en d in the sump or tank 61. The port 366 in the cap 359 has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 361 which terminates at one end of one of the work clamping' cylinders 352 and through a branch pipe or conduit 368 with 60 the opposite end of the second work clamping cylinder. 'I'he other port 36| in the cap has connected therewithone end of a pipe 'or conduit 369 terminating at'the other end ofi'the ilrst work clamping cylinder and through a branch 310 with the first end of the second work clamping cylinder.

, Disposed in the pressure pipe or conduit 366 is an adjustable throttle valve 31| which determines the rate at which the pistons of the work clamping'mechanisms operate.

It should be noted. that by reversing the ends of the cylinders to which the pipes or conduits 361 and 369 and their branches connect the said pistons are actuated in opposite directions for l xture and releasing a second workpiece in the" second fixture.

From the foregoing it will be noted that there has been provided a breaching machine of the duplex type in which one ram is movable through its working stroke while the second ram is moving through its idle stroke, together with means rior instantaneously stopping the rams in an emergency andfor reversing said rams. The machine is further provided with automatic means for keeping the two rams in step with one another without the use of make-up valves or other auxiliary equipment.CJ Additionally, the parts are so related and interlocked that the table cannet be indexed or actuatedexcept when the rams are in a predetermined operative position. It will further be noted that the work is automatically positioned and clamped on the work table, thereby relieving .the operator ofthis duty and materially reducing or eliminating fatigue on the operator;

What is claimed is: Y

1. In a breaching machine of the class described the combination oi a bed, a pair of rams mounted on said bed for simultaneous reciprocation in opposite directions, an indexible table for presenting a work piece alternately to said rams, means operable by 'said rams for eiiecting the operation of the indexible table whereby said rams must each reach the ends of their strokes before the table is indexed, independent hydraulic motors for effecting the operation ofthe rams and the table, and means operable by the table when fully indexed for eiecting the operation of the rams.

2. Ina breaching machine of the class de' scribed the combination of a bed, a pair of rams mounted thereon for reciprocation in opposite directions through a 'cutting stroke and an idle` piece alternately to the rams while passing through their cutting strokes, and means operable duringr the indexing of the table fer securing the work piece to the table which is to be presented to the ram passing through its cutting stroke.

3. In a breaching machine of -the class destroke, an indexible table for presenting a Vwork scribed the combination of a bed, a pair of rams mounted thereon for reciprocationv in opposite directions through a cutting stroke and an idle stroke, an indexible table for presenting a work piece alternately lto the rams while passing through-their cutting strokes, means operable' during the indexing of the table forsecuring the work piece to the table which is to be presented to the ram passing through( its cutting stroke, and simultaneously releasing the work piece just finished by the other ram. ,l

4. In a breaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a first ram mounted on said bed for reciprocations relative thereto in opposite directions, a second ram mounted on said bed for reciprocations in opposite directions relative thereto, a hydraulic motor for each of said rams, a hydraulic circuit for the motors, means connecting said motors whereby the operation of one of them in one direction offsets the operation of the other in the opposite direction, an indexible table for presenting a work piece alternately to the ram moving through its cutting stroke, hydraulic means for actuating the indexible table, and a pair of valves, one for each of the rams and jointly operable to eiect the operation of the table indexing means.

5.1In a breaching machine of the class described the combination ofa bed, a pair of breach rams, each carrying a breaching tool and operable respectively through a cutting'and van idle stroke, an indcxibletable adapted to carry a pair 5 of work pieces and operable alternately to present said work pieces to the breach rams While being actuated throughP their cutting strokes, a work fixture on the table for each work piece, and means operable during the indexing of the 10 table for releasing the finished werk piece from its xture and securing the unnished-work piece in the other fixture.

6. In a breaching machine of the class described the combination of a bed, a pair of breach 15 rams, each carrying a breaching tool and -o'perable respectively through a cutting and an idle stroke, an indexible table adapted to carry a pair of work pieces and operable alternately te present said work pieces to the breach rams while gq) Y being actuated through their vcutting strokes; a work fixture en `the table for each work piece,- and means operable during the indexing'of the table for-releasing the finished work piece from its xture and securing the unfinished work piece 25 in the other fixture/including a hydraulically actuated motor for each work piece nxture.

"7. In a machine tool organization having a bed, and a pair of tool rams mounted thereon and alternately operable through a cutting 30 stroke, the combination of a werk supporting mechanism comprising a pair of work fixtures for presenting a workpiece to each of said rams when it is passing through its cutting stroke, and power actuated means for clamping and re-.g leasing each work piece relative te its fixture, including a hydraulic motor for each xture, a pair of clamping arms, and a power actuated camv for actuating the clamping arms pto their operative clamping posi ions. 4

8. In a machine' tool organization having a bed, and agpair of tool `rams mounted thereon y cluding a hydraulicvmotor ior each fixture, a 50 pair ofclamping arms, and a/ power actuated cam for actuating the clamping arms te their operative clamping positions, .and yielding means for releasing the arm. 5

9. In a machine tool organization havingv a bed, and a pair of tool rams mounted thereon and alternately operable through a cutting stroke, the` combination of a work supporting mechanism comprising a pair oi' work fixtures for presenting a werk piece to each of said rams when it is passing through its cutting stroke, and power actuated means for clamping and releasing each work piece relative to its fixture,- including a work support on each fixture, a pair of clamping arms associated with eafch werk` support, a rotatable cam, a reciprocating hydraulic motor for rotating the cam and actuating the clamping arms to their clamping positions, and yielding means for releasing the arms.

10. In a machine tool organization having a bed, and a pair of tool rams mounted thereon and alternately operable through a cutting stroke, the combination of a work supporting mechanism comprising a pair of work fixtures for presenting a work piece to each of said rams n when it is passing through its cutting stroke, power actuated means for clamping andreleasing each work piece relative to its fixture,"

draulic motors whereby they are simultaneously actuated to simultaneously release a nished work piece in one fixture and secure a work piece in the other fixture.

11. In a machine tool organization of the class described the combination of a bed or column, a pair of broach rams mounted thereon for simultaneous reciprocatiomin opposite directions respectively through a cutting and an vidle stroke, a hydraulic motor for eachlof said rams to elect its operation, means interconnecting said motors whereby the operation oi one o! them in one direction simultaneously actuatesrthe other in the other direction, an indexible table adapted to support a pair of work pieces and operable for presenting alternately a work piece to each of said rams when moving through its cutting stroke, hydraulic motor for actuating the work support, and a pair of valves for controlling the operation of the indexible table, one operable by each o1' the rams upon reaching the end of its stroke, whereby each ram .is in a deflnite position prior to the indexing of the table.-

l2. In a machine tool organization of the class describedthe combination of a bed or column, a pair of broach rams mounted thereon ior simul-I taneous reciprocation in opposite directions respectively through a cutting and an idle stroke, a hydraulic motor for each ci said rams to Vefi'ect its operation, means interconnecting said motors whereby the operation of one oi them in one direction simultaneously actuates the other in the other direction, an indexible table adapted to support a pair of work pieces and operable for presentingalternately a work piece to each of said ramswhen moving through its cutting stroke, hydraulic motor for actuating the work support, a pair of valves for controlling vthe operationof the indexible table, one operable by each of the rams upon reaching the end oi' its stroke, whereby each ram is in a definite positionkprior to the indexing of the table, and additional valve means normally preventing operation oi the indexible table and operable by oneof the rams when at one end o! its stroke for permitting the operation ofthe inflexible table uponactuation of the pair of valves by the rams.

13. In amachine tool organization of the class described the combination ofv a bed or column, a pair` of broach rams` mounted thereon for simultaneous reciprocation in opposite directions respectively through a cutting and an idle stroke, a hydraulic motor for each of said. rams to effect its operation, means interconnecting said motors whereby the operation of one of them in one direction simultaneously actuatesl `the other in the other direction, an indexible table adapted to support a pair of work pieces and operable for presenting alternatelyka work piece to each of said rams when moving through l its cutting stroke, hydraulic motor for actuating the work support, a pair of-valves for controlling the operationoi the lndexible table, one operable byeach of the rams upon reaching the'end of its stroke, whereby each ram is in a denite position prior to the indexing of the table, additional valve means normally preventing operation of the indexible table and operable by one of the i 5 rams when at one end of its stroke for Vpermitting the operation of the indexible table upon actuation of the pair ofvalves by the rams, and yielding means for returning the additional valve means to its normal position upon actua- 10 tion of the ram from its valve operating position. A

14. Acbroaching machine including a pair of oppositely reciprocating broaching tools and a table having a pair of operative positions ior selectively presenting individual work pieces to one 15 or the other of the breaching tools during its operative stroke, working holding fixtures including hydraulically operated clamping means carried by the table andindividual to each work position, a first hydraulic circuit for effecting an os- 20 cillation of the table to determine the presentation of a workipiece to a broach, breach operable means for controlling said table oscillating circuit, a supplemental hydraulic circuit operatively associated with the work clamping devices. and 25 table operated means for. determining the effective coupling and disconnection of the supplemental circuit with the clamping devices whereby a work piece will be automatically clamped in position during presentation thereof to a broach 30 *during its operative stroke.

l5. In a machine tool organization oi. the class described the combination of a bed or column, a pair of broach rams mounted thereon for simultaneous reciprocation in opposite directions 25 respectively through a cutting and an idle stroke, an hydraulic motor for each ofy said rams to effect its operation, means Vinterconnecting said ymcrtors whereby the operation of one of them in one direction simultaneously actuates the other in the o other direction, an indexible table adapted to support a pair oi work pieces and operable for presenting alternately. a work piece to each of said rams when moving through its cutting stroke, hy-

draulic motor for actuating the work support, a se ating rams carried by the bed, independent power means for simultaneously shifting the rams in opposite directions, an indexible -table having sep- A crate work receiving portionssmeans for indexing 60 the table selectively to present one of said work receiving-portions to a broach ram during its operative stroke, and an hydraulic circuit forl determining the indexing movement of the table, said circuit including a plurality of serially ar`- o5 ranged'- valves, and means operable by individual broach rams for automatically positioning different of said serially arranged valves whereby the joint reaction oi' the ,several rams pn the valves of the series will determine the-ultimate hydraulic actuation of the work receiving table.

' MILIARD ROMAINE. s v ERWIN G. ROEHM. 

